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NYHEDER
03 June 2009

Danmark / Jamaica:
Universitetsspeciale undersøger homofobien
i jamaicansk dancehall-musik


Johannes Skjelbo, specialestuderende ved Musikvidenskab på Københavns Universitet, har skrevet en analyse af Jamaicas musikkultur set i en postkolonial sammenhæng. Specialet indeholder også et "sideblik" til den danske modtagelse og opfattelse af jamaicansk musik.

I specialet undersøges sammenhænge imellem musikkultur, magtforhold og seksualitet på Jamaica. Hovedformålet er at diskutere de historiske og sociale forbindelser som findes imellem slavetiden, nutidens samfundsforhold og den eksplicitte homofobi, som kendetegner meget af dancehallmusikken i dag.

Johannes Skjelbo viser, at der er mange komplekse årsager bag Jamaicas institutionaliserede homofobi, og at kristendom og slavetid er nogle af de ældste og væsentligste faktorer. Han argumenterer for, at musikken har spillet en vigtig rolle i reproduktionen af de udbredte homofobiske holdninger. Det foreslås forsigtigt i specialet, at visse afrikanske kropstabuer — måske ældre end slaveriet — også kan spille ind.

Vigtige spørgsmål
"Visse størrelser, som traditionelt set 'hører sammen' i musikvidenskaben, bliver ofte skilt ad i den særlige caribiske musikproduktionsform", skriver Johannes Skjelbo, og forklarer hvordan dette betyder, at man skal være forsigtig med at betragte intertekstualitet og sammenhæng imellem tekst og musik i dancehall som værende betydningsbærende, som det ellers er traditionen indenfor fx rock-forskning.

Debatten om homofobi i jamaicansk musik har internationale, politiske overtoner: I specialet fremdrages sangen 'Boom Bye Bye' som et eksempel på, hvordan det lille land Jamaica bruger populærmusikken til at demonstrere sin uafhængighed og ret til selvbestemmelse.

Skjelbo berører kort den mulige forbindelse imellem dancehalls homofobiske tekster og spredningen af AIDS på Jamaica.

Dancehall i Danmark
I Danmark og andre europæiske lande har der i de senere år været ophedet diskussion af konsekvenserne af at lade åbenlyst homofobisk musik blive spillet på offentlige (spille-)steder og i medierne. Denne debat kompliceres af, at det danske dancehallmiljø ikke kan betegnes som homofobisk: Dets medlemmer foretrækker at se sagen som et spørgsmål om ytringsfrihed og ret til eget kunstnerisk udtryk. Desuden peger dets talsmænd på adskillelsen imellem tekst og musik som gyldig grund til at spille numre som det, under visse forhold, kunne være direkte ulovligt at spille i for eksempel Danmark, Tyskland eller England.

Johannes Skjelbo afslutter specialet med en kort opsummering af de mulige forbindelser imellem musik og vold – symbolsk såvel som fysisk.






Klik for at aabne pdf / hoejreklik for at downloade

Afhandlingen er fra marts 2009 og kan læses her

Open or download pdfÅbn eller download specialet i pdf-format

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